Brushless motors akasiyana-siyana emagetsi emagetsi ayo, kusiyana neakajairwa bhurashi kana marasha mota, Kubviswa kwemarasha mumabhurashi mota kunowedzera kushanda uye hupenyu hurefu hwemamotor aya zvichienzaniswa neakajairwa marasha injini.
Nekuda kweakawanda mabhenefiti e brushless motors, Zvishandiso zvedu zvakawanda zvinoshandisa brushless motors kukuperekedza nesimba ravo rakasiyana mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu. Hupenyu hurefu, huremu huremu uye kugadzirwa kushoma kweruzha ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinosiyanisa injini idzi kubva kumainjini anopfurwa nemarasha.
Motors iMagetsi Ekuunza Machina
Kana mainjiniya akatarisana nedambudziko rekugadzira midziyo yemagetsi kuita mabasa emuchina, vanogona kufunga nezve masaini emagetsi anoshandurwa kuita simba. Saka ma actuators nemamotor zviri pakati pemidziyo inoshandura masaini emagetsi kuita kufamba. Motors kuchinjanisa simba remagetsi kuti mechanical simba.
Iyo yakapfava mhando yemota ndeye brushed DC mota. Mune rudzi urwu rwemotokari, magetsi emagetsi anopfuudzwa kuburikidza nemakoiri akarongwa mukati mekugadzirisa magnetic field. Ikozvino inogadzira magnetic fields mumakoiri; izvi zvinoita kuti gungano rekoiri ritenderere, sezvo coil imwe neimwe inosundirwa kure nedanda rakafanana uye rodhonzwa rakananga kudanda rakasiyana remunda wakatarwa. Kuti uchengetedze kutenderera, zvinodikanwa kuramba uchidzoreredza ikozvino-kuitira kuti macoil polarities arambe achifamba, zvichiita kuti makoiri arambe "achidzingirira" akasiyana matanda akamiswa. Simba kumakoiri rinopihwa kuburikidza neyakagadzika conductive mabhurashi anoita kusangana neinotenderera commutator; iko kutenderera kwemutairi kunokonzera kudzoreredzwa kwezvino kuburikidza nemakoiri. Iyo commutator uye mabhurashi ndizvo zvakakosha zvinosiyanisa iyo brushed DC mota kubva kune mamwe mota mhando. Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza iyo general musimboti weiyo brashi mota.
Mufananidzo 1: Kushanda kweBrushed DC Motor.
Fixed brushes inopa simba remagetsi kune inotenderera commutator. Sezvo commutator ichitenderera, inoramba ichitenderedza nzira yeikozvino mumakoiri, ichidzosera polarities yekoiri kuitira kuti makoiri arambe achitenderera kurudyi. Iyo inotenderera inotenderera nekuti yakanamirwa kune rotor iyo iyo makoiri akaiswa.
Motokari dzinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwesimba ravo (AC kana DC) uye nzira yavo yekugadzira kutenderera (Mufananidzo 2). Pazasi, tinotarisa muchidimbu maitiro uye mashandisirwo emhando yega yega.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzeMotor
Brushed DC motors, ine dhizaini yakapusa uye kudzora kuri nyore, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuvhura nekuvhara dhisiki matireyi. Mumotokari, anowanzo shandiswa kudzoreredza, kutambanudza, uye kuisa mahwindo eparutivi ane magetsi. Mutengo wakaderera weiyi mota inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa kwakawanda. Imwe dhizaini, zvisinei, ndeyekuti mabhurashi uye ma commutator anowanzo pfeka nekukurumidza semhedzisiro yekuramba vachionana, zvinoda kudzokororwa nekugadziriswa nguva nenguva.
A stepper motor inofambiswa nemapulses; inotenderera kuburikidza nekona chaiyo (danho) nemhepo yega yega. Nekuti kutenderera kunonyatso kudzorwa nehuwandu hwemapulses anogamuchirwa, mota idzi dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuita zvigadziriso zvenzvimbo. Inowanzo shandiswa, semuenzaniso, kudzora chikafu chepepa mumichina yefax nemaprinta-sezvo izvi zvishandiso zvinodyisa mapepa mumatanho akasarudzika, ayo anobatanidzwa zviri nyore nekuverenga pulse. Kumbomira kunogonawo kudzorwa zviri nyore, sezvo kutenderera kwemota kunomira pakarepo kana chiratidzo chepuruzi chavhiringwa.
Iine synchronous motors, kutenderera kunopindirana neiyo frequency yekugovera ikozvino. Idzi mota dzinowanzo shandiswa kutyaira matireyi anotenderera muovheni microwave; magiya ekudzikisa muchikamu chemota anogona kushandiswa kuwana akakodzera kutenderera kumhanya kupisa chikafu. Ne induction motors, zvakare, iyo yekutenderera yekumhanyisa inosiyana ne frequency; asi kufamba hakuna kuenderana. Munguva yakapfuura, injini idzi dzaiwanzoshandiswa mumafeni emagetsi uye muchina wekugeza.
Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emota anoshandiswa zvakajairika. Muchikamu chino, tinotarisa zvakanakira uye mashandisirwo emagetsi e-brushless DC.
Sei BLDC Motors ichitendeuka?
Sezvinoreva zita ravo, brushless DC motors haishandise mabhurashi. Nemabhurashi motors, mabhurashi anoburitsa ikozvino kuburikidza neanofamba mumakoiri ari pa rotor. Saka sei brushless mota inopfuura ikozvino kune rotor coils? Izvo hazviiti-nekuti makoiri haasi pane rotor. Pane kudaro, rotor igineti yekusingaperi; macoils haatenderere, asi anoiswa panzvimbo pane stator. Nekuti makoiri haafambe, hapana chikonzero chebhurashi uye commutator. (Ona Mufananidzo. 3.)
Iine mota yakabhurwa, kutenderera kunowanikwa nekudzora magineti minda inogadzirwa nemakoiri pane rotor, nepo magineti anogadzirwa nemagineti akamira anoramba akatsiga. Kuti uchinje kumhanya kwekutenderera, iwe unoshandura voltage yemakoiri. Iine mota yeBLDC, ndiyo magineti echigarire anotenderera; kutenderera kunowanikwa nekushandura mafambiro emagineti anogadzirwa neakapoteredza akamira coils. Kuti udzore kutenderera, unogadzirisa ukuru uye kutungamira kweiyo ikozvino mumakoiri aya.
Sezvo rotor iri magineti asingagumi, haidi ikozvino, kubvisa kudiwa kwemabhurashi uye commutator. Ikozvino kune yakagadziriswa coils inodzorwa kubva kunze.
Zvakanakira zveBLDC Motors
Motokari yeBLDC ine makoiri matatu pa stator ichange iine waya dzemagetsi nhanhatu (mbiri kune imwe neimwe koiri) dzinobva kumakoiri aya. Mumashandisirwo mazhinji matatu ewaya aya achabatanidzwa nechomukati, newaya nhatu dzakasara dzichibva kumuviri wemota (mukupesana newaya mbiri dzinobva pamota yakabhurwa yatsanangurwa kare). Wiring muBLDC mota kesi yakanyanya kuomarara pane kungobatanidza maseru emagetsi materminal akanaka uye asina kunaka; isu tichatarisa zvakanyanya kuti mamotor aya anoshanda sei muchikamu chechipiri cheiyi nhevedzano. Pazasi, tinopedzisa nekutarisa zvakanakira neBLDC mota.
Imwe bhenefiti yakakura ndeyekuita basa, sezvo mamotor aya achigona kudzora achienderera kune yakanyanya kutenderera simba (torque). Mabhurashi mota, mukupesana, inosvika yakakwira torque pane mamwe mapoinzi chete mukutenderera. Kuti mota yakabhurashwa iunze torque yakafanana nebrashiless modhi, inoda kushandisa magineti akakura. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kunyange madiki eBLDC motors anogona kuunza simba rakawanda.
Kubatsira kwechipiri kukuru-kwakabatana nekutanga-kudzora. BLDC mota dzinogona kudzorwa, uchishandisa nzira dzemhinduro, kuendesa chaiyo inodiwa torque uye nekutenderera kumhanya. Kudzora kwakaringana kunoderedza mashandisirwo esimba uye kugadzirwa kwekupisa, uye-muzviitiko apo mamotor anofambiswa nebhatiri - anowedzera hupenyu hwebhatiri.
BLDC mota dzinopawo kusimba kwakanyanya uye kuderera kwemagetsi ruzha chizvarwa, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemabhurashi. Iine mabhurashi mota, mabhurashi uye commutator inopera pasi semhedzisiro yekuenderera mberi ichifamba, uye zvakare inoburitsa spark panoitwa kubata. Ruzha rwemagetsi, kunyanya, mhedzisiro yemapfunde akasimba anowanzo kuitika munzvimbo dzinopfuura mabhurashi pamusoro pemagapu mucommutator. Ichi ndicho chikonzero maBLDC motors achiwanzoonekwa seanofarira mumashandisirwo apo zvakakosha kudzivirira ruzha rwemagetsi.
Yakanaka Zvikumbiro zveBLDC Motors
Isu takaona kuti BLDC mota dzinopa kugona kwakanyanya uye kudzoreka, uye kuti vane hupenyu hurefu hwekushanda. Saka vakanakirei? Nekuda kwekushanda kwavo uye nekugara kwenguva refu, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo inomhanya isingaperi. Vagara vachishandiswa mumichina yekuwachisa, air conditioners, uye mamwe magetsi evatengi; uye munguva ichangopfuura, ivo vari kuoneka muvateveri, uko kushanda kwavo kwepamusoro kwakakonzera kuderera kukuru mukushandiswa kwesimba.
Ivo zvakare vari kushandiswa kutyaira vacuum machines. Mune imwe nguva, shanduko yechirongwa chekudzora yakakonzera kusvetuka kukuru mukumhanya kwekutenderera-muenzaniso wekunyanya kudzora kunopihwa nemamotor aya.
Mota dzeBLDC dziri kushandiswawo kupeta hard disc drives, uko kusimba kwavo kunoita kuti madhiraivha arambe achishanda zvakatendeseka nekufamba kwenguva, nepo kugona kwavo kwesimba kuchibatsira mukuderedza simba munzvimbo iyo iri kuwedzera kukosha.
Kuenda Kwakawanda Kushandiswa Mune Ramangwana
Tinogona kutarisira kuona BLDC mota dzichishandiswa muhuwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa mune ramangwana. Semuenzaniso, angangove achishandiswa zvakanyanya kutyaira marobhoti ebasa-marobhoti madiki anoendesa masevhisi muminda kunze kwekugadzira. Mumwe anogona kufunga kuti stepper motors angave akanyatsokodzera mune iyi mhando yekushandisa, uko pulses inogona kushandiswa kunyatso kudzora chinzvimbo. Asi BLDC mota dzakakodzera zvirinani kudzora simba. Uye ine stepper mota, kubata chinzvimbo chechimiro chakaita serobhoti ruoko kunoda yakakura uye inoenderera ikozvino. Iine mota yeBLDC, zvese zvingangodiwa ndeyezvino chikamu kune simba rekunze-kubvumidza mamwe masimba-anoshanda kutonga. Mota dzeBLDC dzinogona zvakare kutsiva dzakareruka brushed dc motors mungoro dzegorofu uye ngoro dzekufamba. Pamusoro pekuita kwavo zvirinani, BLDC mota dzinogona zvakare kuendesa yakanyatso kudzora-izvo zvinozogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwebhatiri.
BLDC mota dzakanakirawo ma drones. Kugona kwavo kuunza kutonga kwakanyatso kunovaita kuti vanyatsokodzera multirotor drones, uko maitiro eiyo drone anodzorwa nekunyatso kudzora kumhanya kwekutenderera kwerotor yega yega.
Muchikamu chino, taona kuti BLDC mota dzinopa sei kunyatsoshanda, kudzoreka, uye hupenyu hurefu. Asi kungwarira uye kwakaringana kutonga kwakakosha kutora mukana wakazara weaya mamotors anogona. Muchikamu chedu chinotevera, tichatarisa kuti mota idzi dzinoshanda sei.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-21-2023